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Uchino, Shun
Physical Review A, 106(5), p.053320_1 - 053320_14, 2022/11
Times Cited Count：4 Percentile：67.72(Optics)Motivated by realization of the dissipative quantum point contact in ultracold atomic gases, we investigate a two-terminal mesoscopic transport system in which a single-particle loss is locally present in a one-dimensional chain. By means of the Dyson equation approach in the Keldysh formalism that can incorporate dissipative effects, we reveal analytic structures of the particle and energy currents whose formal expressions correspond to ones in certain three-terminal systems where the particle loss is absent. The obtained formulas are also consistent with non-hermitian and three-terminal Landauer-Buttiiker analyses. The universality on the current expressions holds regardless of quantum statistics and may be useful for understanding lossy two-terminal transport in terms of three-terminal transport and vice versa.
Sekino, Yuta*; Tajima, Hiroyuki*; Uchino, Shun
Physical Review Research (Internet), 4(4), p.043014_1 - 043014_16, 2022/10
We show that the optical spin conductivity being a small AC response of a bulk spin current and elusive in condensed matter systems can be measured in ultracold atoms. We demonstrate that this conductivity contains rich information on quantum states by analyzing experimentally achievable systems. The obtained conductivity spectra being absent in the Drude conductivity reflect quasiparticle excitations and non-Fermi liquid properties. Unlike its mass transport counterpart, the spin conductivity serves as a probe applicable to clean atomic gases without disorder and lattice potentials. Our formalism can be generalized to various systems such as spin-orbit coupled and nonequilibrium systems.
topological Fermi superfluidsTajima, Hiroyuki*; Sekino, Yuta*; Uchino, Shun
Physical Review B, 105(6), p.064508_1 - 064508_9, 2022/02
Times Cited Count：4 Percentile：59.24(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)We theoretically investigate optical bulk spin transport properties in a spin- topological Fermi superfluid. We specifically consider a one-dimensional system with an inter-spin 
-wave interaction, which can be realized in ultracold-atom experiments. Developing the BCS-Leggett theory to describe the BCS to Bose-Einstein condensate evolution and the Z
topological phase transition in this system, we show how the spin transport reflects these many-body aspects. We find that the optical spin conductivity, which is a small AC response of a spin current, shows the spin-gapped spectrum in the wide parameter region and the gap closes at the Z topological phase transition point. Moreover, the validity of the low-energy effective model of the Majorana zero mode is discussed along the BCS-BEC evolution in connection with the scale invariance at -wave unitarity.
Miao, P.*; Tan, Z.*; Lee, S. H.*; Ishikawa, Yoshihisa*; Torii, Shuki*; Yonemura, Masao*; Koda, Akihiro*; Komatsu, Kazuki*; Machida, Shinichi*; Sano, Asami; et al.
Physical Review B, 103(9), p.094302_1 - 094302_18, 2021/03
Times Cited Count：2 Percentile：17.84(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)The layered perovskite PrBaCoO
demonstrates a strong negative thermal expansion (NTE) which holds potential for being fabricated into composites with zero thermal expansion. The NTE was found to be intimately associated with the spontaneous magnetic ordering, known as magneto-volume effect (MVE). Here we report with compelling evidences that the continuous-like MVE in PrBaCoO is intrinsically of discontinuous character, originating from an magnetoelectric transition from an antiferromagnetic insulating large-volume (AFILV) phase to a ferromagnetic less-insulating small-volume (FLISV) phase. Furthermore, the magnetoelectric effect (ME) shows high sensitivity to multiple external stimuli such as temperature, carrier doping, hydrostatic pressure, magnetic field etc. In contrast to the well-known ME such as colossal magnetoresistance and multi-ferroic effect which involve symmetry breaking of crystal structure, the ME in the cobaltite is purely isostructural. Our discovery provides a new path way to realizing the ME as well as the NTE, which may find applications in new techniques.
Uchino, Shun
Nihon Butsuri Gakkai-Shi, 76(1), p.4 - 12, 2021/01
Ultracold atomic gases allow us to simulate bare essentials of complicated quantum phenomena. Recently, atomtronics devices to simulate mesoscopic transport with ultracold atomics gases have been realized in experiments. In this article, we review recent progress of two-terminal transport in ultracold atomic gases, with a special focus on point contact transport in two-component Fermi gases.
H monitoring in radioactive gaseous wasteFurutani, Misa; Kometani, Tatsunari; Nakagawa, Masahiro; Ueno, Yumi; Sato, Junya; Iwai, Yasunori*
Hoken Butsuri (Internet), 55(2), p.97 - 101, 2020/06
Herein, an oxidation catalyst was introduced after heating it to 600
C to oxidize tritium gas (HT) existing in exhaust into tritiated water vapor (HTO). This study aims to establish a safer H monitoring system by lowering the heating temperature required for the catalyst. In these experiments, which were conducted in the Nuclear Science Research Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, cupric oxide, hydrophobic palladium/silicon dioxide (Pd/SiO), and platinum/aluminum oxide (Pt/AlO
) catalysts were ventilated using standard hydrogen gas. After comparing the oxidation efficiency of each catalyst at different temperatures, we found that the hydrophobic Pd/SiO and Pt/AlO catalysts could oxidize HT into HTO at 25C.
C monitoring in gaseous radioactive wasteUeno, Yumi; Nakagawa, Masahiro; Sato, Junya; Iwai, Yasunori
Hoken Butsuri, 51(1), p.7 - 11, 2016/03
In the Nuclear Science Research Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), in order to oxidize C, which exists in various chemical forms in exhaust, into CO, a copper oxide (CuO) catalyst is introduced after heating to 600C. Our goal was to establish a safer C monitoring system by lowering the heating temperature required for the catalyst; therefore, we developed a new hydrophobic palladium/silicon dioxide (Pd/SiO) catalyst that makes the carrier's surface hydrophobic. In these experiments, catalysts CuO, platinum/aluminum oxide (Pt/AlO), palladium/zirconium dioxide (Pd/ZrO), hydrophobic Pd/SiO, and hydrophilic Pd/SiO were ventilated with standard methane gas, and we compared the oxidation efficiency of each catalyst at different temperatures. As a result, we determined that the hydrophobic Pd/SiO catalyst had the best oxidation efficiency. By substituting the currently used CuO catalyst with the hydrophobic Pd/SiO catalyst, we will be able to lower the working temperature from 600C to 300C and improve the safety of the monitoring process.
Iwai, Yasunori; Yamanishi, Toshihiko; Hayashi, Takumi; Nishi, Masataka
Fusion Science and Technology, 48(1), p.456 - 459, 2005/07
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：24.22(Nuclear Science & Technology)Addition of gas separation membrane process into usual tritium removal process from atmosphere in a room is attractive for fusion plants where a large amount of atmosphere should be processed. Therefore, the gas separation membrane has been studied. New concept of membrane separation with reflux flow is proposed in the present. Driving force of membrane separation is the difference of partial pressure through membrane. Hence, reflux of a part of gases at permeated side to feed side enhances driving force. Essential points of present discussion are as follows: (1) Reflux has plus effect of driving force enhancement and minus effect of feed flow increase, hence, there is the optimum. (2) Permeated-side pressure effects enhancement of tritium recovery strongly. (3) Effect of reflux becomes striking as the target species have higher permeability coefficient, therefore, it is favorable for tritium recovery because those of hydrogen gas and water vapor are much higher among atmosphere elements. In addition, application of reflux flow will realize scale reduction of expensive membrane module.
Takahashi, Shuichi*; Yoshida, Masaru; Asano, Masaharu; Nakagawa,Tsutomu*
Polymer Journal, 36(1), p.50 - 53, 2004/01
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：12.7(Polymer Science)The poly(ethylen terephthalate)(PET) membrane, which has a membrane thickness of 12
m, was used in this study. PET is a polymer widely used for fibers, films and bottles. It was assumed that for PET, which is often used as a gas barrier film, it is easy to effect changes in its gas permeability by modification, such as by ion irradiation. Previously, I reported the effect of heavy ion irradiation on the gas permeation of a PET membrane. A portion of the heavy ion irradiated PET membranes exhibited the Knudsen flow during the gas permeation measurements. As a next step, therefore, I applied an etching technique utilizing NaOH solution to control the nanosized pore of the heavy ion irradiated PET membrane. PET membranes irradiated at a fluence of 3
10
ions/cm
were etched in 6N or 1N NaOH solution at 60C. The etching time was controlled to observe the changes in the gas permeation behavior depended on the etchig. This objective has consequently been used to control the Knudsen flow.
Ebihara, Kenichi; Watanabe, Tadashi
Nihon Kikai Gakkai Dai-14-Kai Keisan Rikigaku Koenkai Koen Rombunshu, p.579 - 580, 2001/11
no abstracts in English
; ; ; Omori, Eiichi
JNC TN8410 2001-021, 33 Pages, 2001/09
JNC-TN8410-2001-021.pdf:4.37MB
Carbon-14 released from the nuclear facilities is an important radionuclide for the safety assessment, because it tends to accumulate in environment through food chain and has as a significant impact to personal dose. Carbon-14 has been monitored routinely as one of the main gaseous radionuclides exhausted from the Tokai Reprocessing Plant (TRP) since OCtober of 1991. Furthermore, behavior of carbon-14 in TRP has been investigated through the reprocessing operation and the literature survey. This report describes the result of investigation about the behavior of carbon-14 in TRP as followings. (1)Only a very small amount of carbon-14 in the fuel was liberated into the shear off-gas and most of it was liberated into the dissolver of-gass. Part of the carbon-14 was trapped at the caustic scrubber installed in the of-gas treatment process, and untrapped carbon-14 was released into the environment from the main stack. Amount of carbon-14 released from the main stack was about 4.1
6.5GBq every ton of uranium reprocessed. (2)Carbon-14 trapped at the caustic scrubbers installed in the dissolver off-gas and in the vessel off-gas treatment process is transferred to the low active waste vessel. Amount of carbon-14 transferred to the low active waste vessel was about 5.4 9.6GBq every ton of uranium reprocessed. (3)The total amount of carbon-14 input to TRP was summed up to about 11.915.5 GBq every ton of uranium reprocessed considering the released amount from the main stack and the trapped amount in the off-gas treatment devices. The amount of nitrogen impurity in the initial fuel was calculated about 1522ppm of uranium metal based on the measured carbon-14. (4)The solution in the low active waste vesselis concentrated at the evaporator.Most of the carbon-14 in the solution was transferred into concentrated solution. (5)Tokai vitrification Demonstration Facility (TVF) started to operate in 1994. Since then, carbon-14 has been measured in the ...
; Shinohara, Kunihiko; ; ; ; Takeyasu, Masanori;
JNC TN8440 2000-007, 141 Pages, 2000/06
JNC-TN8440-2000-007.pdf:3.02MB
Environmental radiation monitoring around the Tokai Reprocessing Plant has been performed since 1975, based on "Safety Regulations for the Tokai Reprocessing Plant, Chapter IV - Environmental Monitoring". This annual report presents the results of the environmental monitoring and the dose estimation to the hypothetical inhabitants due to the radioactivity discharged from the plant during April 1999 to March 2000. Appendices present comprehensive information, such as monitoring program, monitoring results, meteorological data and annual discharges from the plant.
*; Akatsuka, Hiroshi*; *; Suzuki, Tatsuya*; *; *;
JNC TY9400 2000-009, 41 Pages, 2000/03
JNC-TY9400-2000-009.pdf:1.22MB
no abstracts in English
Oda, Chie; Arthur, R. C,*; Sasamoto, Hiroshi; Shibata, Masahiro; Yui, Mikazu; Neyama, Atsushi*
JNC TN8400 99-079, 287 Pages, 1999/09
Two thermodynamic databases for geochemical calculations supporting research and development on geological disposal concepts for high level radioactive waste are described in this report. One, SPRONS.JNC, is compatible with thermodynamic relations comprising the SUPCRT model and software, which permits calculation of the standard molal and partial molal thermodynamic properties of minerals, gases, aqueous species and reactions from 1 to 5000 bars and 0 to 1000C. This database includes standard molal Gibbs free energies and enthalpies of formation, standard molal entropies and volumes, and Maier-Kelly heat capacity coefficients at the reference pressure (1 bar) and temperature (25C) for 195 minerals and 16 gases. It also includes standard partial molal Gibbs free energies and enthalpies of formation, standard partial molal entropies, and Helgeson, Kirkham and Flowers (HKF) equation-of-state coefficients at the reference pressure and temperature for 1147 inorganic and organic aqueous ions and complexes. SPRONS.JNC extends similar databases described elsewhere by incorporating new and revised data published in the peer-reviewed literature since 1991. The other database, PHREEQE.JNC, is compatible with the PHREEQE series of geochemical modeling codes. It includes equilibrium constants at 25C and 1 bar for mineral-dissolution, gas-solubility, aqueous-association and oxidation-reduction reactions. Reaction enthalpies, or coefficients in an empirical log K(T) function, are also included in this database, which permits calculation of equilibrium constants between 0 and 100C at 1 bar. All equilibrium constants, reaction enthalpies, and logK(T) coefficients in PHREEQE.JNC are calculated usig SUPCRT and SPRONS.JNC, which ensures that these two databases are mutually consistent. They are also internally consistent insofar as all the data are compatible with basic thermodynamic definitions and functional relations in the SUPCRT ...
;
JAERI-Tech 99-045, 141 Pages, 1999/06
no abstracts in English
Yamauchi, Toshihiko
Reza Gakkai Kenkyukai Hokoku, p.37 - 44, 1998/03
no abstracts in English
Fumizawa, Motoo; Iizuka, Hiroyuki*
Kashika Joho Gakkai-Shi, 17(SUPPL.1), p.285 - 288, 1997/07
no abstracts in English
